Muri iki gihe, inganda nyinshi z’ibigo n’ibigo bya leta zifite laboratoire zazo. Kandi izi laboratoire zifite ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho byo gupima igerageza buri munsi. Birashoboka ko buri gerageza rizatanga ingano n’ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibintu bipima bisigaye bifatanye n’ibirahuri. Kubwibyo, gusukura ibikoresho bisigaye bya laboratoire byabaye igice cy’imirimo ya buri munsi ya laboratoire.

Birumvikana ko kugira ngo hakemurwe imyanda isigaye mu bikoresho by'igerageza, laboratwari nyinshi zigomba gushora imari mu bitekerezo, abakozi n'ibikoresho, ariko ibisubizo akenshi ntibishimishije. None se, ni gute gusukura ibisigazwa by'igerageza mu bikoresho by'ibizamini byaba byiza kandi bitekanye? Mu by'ukuri, nidushobora kumenya ingamba zikurikira no kuzikemura neza, iki kibazo kizakemuka mu buryo busanzwe.

Icya mbere: Ni ibihe bisigazwa bikunze gusigara mu bikoresho byo mu kirahuri bya laboratwari?

Mu gihe cy'igerageza, imyanda itatu ikunze kuboneka, ari yo gaze, amazi n'ibisigazwa by'imyanda. Ni ukuvuga imyanda isigaye nta gaciro ifite mu igerageza. Ku bikoresho by'ikirahure, ibisigazwa bikunze kugaragara ni ivumbi, amavuta yo kwisukura, ibintu bishonga mu mazi, n'ibintu bidashonga.

Muri byo, ibisigazwa bishongeshwa birimo alkali yigenga, amarangi, ibipimo, Na2SO4, NaHSO4 ikomeye, ibisigazwa bya iyode n'ibindi bisigazwa by'ibinyabuzima; ibintu bidashongeshwa birimo peteroli, resine ya phenolic, phenol, amavuta, amavuta, poroteyine, ibizinga by'amaraso, uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza uturemangingo, ibisigazwa bya fermentation, ADN na RNA, fibre, oxyde y'icyuma, karubone ya calcium, sulfide, umunyu wa feza, isabune y'ubukorano n'indi myanda. Ibi bintu akenshi bifatanye n'inkuta z'ibirahuri byo muri laboratwari nka tubes zo gupima, burettes, amafurushi y'ubwinshi, na pipettes.

Ntabwo bigoye kubona ko imiterere y'ibisigazwa by'ibirahuri byakoreshejwe mu igerageza ishobora gusobanurwa muri make ku buryo bukurikira: 1. Hari amoko menshi; 2. Igipimo cy'umwanda kiratandukanye; 3. Imiterere iragoye; 4. Ni uburozi, irangiza, iratwika, yandura n'izindi ngaruka.

Icya kabiri: Ni izihe ngaruka mbi z'ibisigazwa by'igerageza?

Impamvu mbi za 1: igerageza ryananiwe. Mbere na mbere, niba gutunganya mbere y’igerageza byujuje ibisabwa bizagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku kuri kw’ibyavuye mu igerageza. Muri iki gihe, imishinga y’igerageza ifite ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo hamenyekane neza, hamenyekane neza kandi hagenzurwe ibyavuye mu igerageza. Kubwibyo, kuba hari ibisigazwa byabyo bizatera ibintu bibangamira ibyavuye mu igerageza, bityo ntibishobora kugera ku ntego yo kubishakisha.

Ibintu bibi bya 2: ibisigazwa by’igerageza bifite ingaruka nyinshi zikomeye cyangwa zishobora guteza umubiri w’umuntu. By’umwihariko, imiti imwe n’imwe yageragejwe ifite imiterere ya shimi nk’uburozi n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, kandi uburangare buto bushobora kwangiza ubuzima bw’umubiri n’ubwo mu mutwe bw’abantu bahuye n’ibintu. Cyane cyane mu ntambwe zo gusukura ibikoresho by’ikirahure, iki kibazo si ikintu gisanzwe.

Ingaruka mbi ya 3: Byongeye kandi, niba ibisigazwa by’igerageza bitarashobora kuvurwa neza kandi neza, bizahumanya ibidukikije by’igerageza cyane, bigahindura umwuka n’amasoko y’amazi ingaruka zidasubirwaho. Niba laboratwari nyinshi zishaka kunoza iki kibazo, ni ngombwa ko bizatwara igihe kinini, biruhije kandi bihenze… kandi ibi byazamutse bihinduka ikibazo cyihishe mu micungire n’imikorere ya laboratwari.

Icya gatatu: Ni ubuhe buryo bwo guhangana n'ibisigazwa by'ibirahuri byakoreshejwe mu igerageza?

Ku bijyanye n'ibisigazwa by'ibirahure byo muri laboratwari, inganda zikoresha uburyo butatu: gukaraba n'intoki, gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, no gusukura imashini imesa ibirahure mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo zigere ku ntego yo gusukura. Ibiranga ubwo buryo butatu ni ibi bikurikira:

Uburyo bwa 1: Gukaraba n'intoki

Gusukura n'intoki ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gukaraba no koza n'amazi atemba. (Rimwe na rimwe biba ngombwa gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga n'uburoso bw'igerageza kugira ngo bifashe) Iyi gahunda yose isaba abagerageza gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi, imbaraga z'umubiri, n'igihe kugira ngo barangize intego yo gukuraho ibisigazwa. Muri icyo gihe, ubu buryo bwo gusukura ntibushobora guhanura ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi aturuka ku mazi. Mu gukaraba n'intoki, amakuru y'ingenzi nko gushyuha, ubwikorezi bw'amazi, n'agaciro ka pH biragoye cyane kugera ku kugenzura, kwandika, n'imibare bya siyansi kandi bifatika. Kandi ingaruka zo gusukura za nyuma z'ibirahure akenshi ntizishobora kuzuza ibisabwa by'isuku y'igerageza.

Uburyo bwa 2: Gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic

Gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho (Ultrasonic) bikoreshwa ku bikoresho bito by'ibirahuri (atari ibikoresho byo gupima), nk'uducupa twa HPLC. Kubera ko ubwoko bw'ibikoresho by'ibirahuri budakorohera gusukura hakoreshejwe uburoso cyangwa byuzuyemo amazi, hakoreshwa gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Mbere yo gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ibintu bishongeshwa mu mazi, igice cy'ibintu bidashongeshwa n'umukungugu mu bikoresho bigomba kozwa neza n'amazi, hanyuma hagashyirwaho isabune runaka, isukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu gihe cy'iminota 10-30, amazi yo kumesa agomba kozwa n'amazi, hanyuma hagasukurwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu mazi inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3. Intambwe nyinshi muri iki gikorwa zisaba ibikorwa by'intoki.

Ni ngombwa gushimangira ko niba isuku ya ultrasound idagenzuwe neza, hazabaho amahirwe menshi yo kwangiza no kwangiza igikoresho cy'ikirahure cyasukuwe.

Uburyo bwa 3: Imashini yoza ibikoresho by'ikirahure yikora

Imashini isukura yikora ikoresha mudasobwa ziciriritse zigenzura neza, ikwiye gusukura neza ibikoresho bitandukanye by'ibirahuri, ishyigikira isuku itandukanye, kandi inzira yo gusukura ni isanzwe kandi ishobora gukopwa kandi amakuru agakurikiranwa. Imashini isukura yikora ikoresheje amacupa ntabwo ibohora abashakashatsi imirimo igoye yo gusukura ibikoresho by'ibirahuri n'ingaruka zihishe z'umutekano, ahubwo inashyira imbere imirimo y'ubushakashatsi bw'abahanga mu bya siyansi ifite agaciro. Kuko izigama amazi, amashanyarazi kandi ikaba nziza kurushaho. Kurengera ibidukikije byongereye inyungu mu bukungu kuri laboratwari yose mu gihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha imashini isukura yikora ikoresheje amacupa byikora birushaho gufasha laboratwari kugera ku rwego rwuzuye kugira ngo haboneke icyemezo cya GMP \ FDA n'ibisobanuro, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro mu iterambere rya laboratwari. Muri make, imashini isukura yikora ikoresheje amacupa byikora birinda kwivanga kw'amakosa yihishe inyuma y'ibyo ikora, kugira ngo ibisubizo byo gusukura bibe byiza kandi bihuze, kandi isuku y'ibikoresho nyuma yo gusukura irusheho kuba nziza kandi itunganye!