♦Gusubiramo urubanza ：

Vuba aha, amakuru akomeye yerekeye "Ikirego Cyinshi cyo Gusaba Amacupa" yakuruye rubanda.Inkuru niyi ikurikira:

Gukaraba icupa by'agateganyo Madamu Zhou, igitsina gore, arengeje imyaka 40.Yahawe akazi muri Gicurasi mu gihe kitarenze amezi make muri laboratoire yari ifite ikigo cy’ibizamini cya gatatu mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa.Madamu Zhou ashinzwe gusukura ibirahuri nka tube test, pipette, beaker hamwe nigikombe cyo gupima muri laboratoire.Mugihe cyo gukaraba, kubera kwangirika kwimiti isigaye mubikoresho byibirahure, mumaso, amaboko nibindi bice byumubiri byakomeretse bikabije.Uru rubanza rwakiriwe n’inzego zibishinzwe.

Madamu Zhou yabwiye itangazamakuru ko gahunda yo gucunga imbere muri laboratwari nshya yashinzwe itigeze itungana, kandi ko atabonye amahugurwa ahagije mbere y’akazi.By'umwihariko mu kuvura imiti y’ibisigisigi nyuma y’ubushakashatsi, ntibigeze bamenyeshwa urugero rw’ingaruka ziterwa na reagent, ibikoresho byo gukingira hamwe n’uburyo bwo kubarinda.

Byongeye kandi, akazi ko gukora ibikoresho byoza muri iyi laboratoire biremereye cyane muminsi y'icyumweru, mugihe isuku y'ibirahuri muri laboratoire iba myinshi.Nyamara, ibisubizo byo gukaraba intoki akenshi binanirwa kubahiriza ibipimo bifatika bya laboratoire, bityo rero ngomba gukora amasaha y'ikirenga kugirango nongere gukora.Iyi ngingo izaba ikirego cyihariye ishami rishinzwe umurimo.

Madamu Zhou binyuze mu isuzuma ry’imvune zivuye mu nda byagaragaye ko yatakaje ubushobozi bwakazi.Nkurikije ibi, ndasaba laboratoire kwishyura amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu kwivuza, amafaranga yatakaye mu kazi, amafaranga yo gutwara, n'ibindi, yose hamwe akaba arenga miliyoni imwe. Gukurikirana uru rubanza biracyakomeza.

Mubyukuri, muri laboratoire hari imiti myinshi yimiti izatera ibyiciro bitandukanye kwangiza umubiri wumuntu.Niba laboratoire idafashe ingamba zihagije ku bakozi kandi ikirengagiza isuku y’ibikoresho bya laboratoire, irashobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye nko gukangurira, ubumuga na kanseri ku bakozi.Ni yo mpamvu, birakenewe ko dusobanukirwa bimwe na bimwe by’ubumara bw’uburozi ko abakozi ba laboratoire bakunze guhura nazo.

♦Uburozi bwangiza busanzwe muri laboratoire

Acide Hydrochloric.Ibara ritagira ibara.Impumuro irakomeye kandi irakaze.Ibintu byangirika cyane.Acide yibanze ya hydrochloric (fuming hydrochloric aside) irashobora guhindagura igihu cya acide.Birashobora kwangiza bidasubirwaho ingingo z'ubuhumekero, amaso, uruhu hamwe na gastrointestinal.Birashobora kuvugwa ko kubice byabantu, ariko kandi kugirango birinde ingaruka mbi ya acide hydrochloric muburyo bwigihu cya aside.Byongeye kandi, iyo aside hydrochloric ivanze na okiside (nka bleach sodium hypochlorite cyangwa potassium permanganate), hakorwa gaze ya chlorine y'ubumara.

Formaldehyde.Mubuzima bwa buri munsi, nkunze kumva kubyerekeye "uburozi bwa formaldehyde".Mu mushinga wo kumenya o-fenylphenol, formaldehyde yakoreshejwe nk'ibimera kama;Bikunze gukoreshwa nkicyiciro cyimikorere mugukora ibintu byinshi byamazi ya chromatografiya bifitanye isano. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe cyoza inkomoko ya ion na mass spectrometry.Ibintu bifite ingaruka zamugaye kuri sisitemu yo hagati yo hagati.Bifite ingaruka zidasanzwe zo gutoranya kuri nervice optique na retina kandi bitera impinduka zindwara.Bishobora gutera aside metabolike.

Chloroform (chloroform).Bikunze gukangura amaso, inzira zubuhumekero, uruhu nuruhu rwumubiri wumuntu.Nkuko kanseri, chloroform yica umwijima nimpyiko. Wambare uturindantoki na gogles hanyuma ukore muri fume hood.

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(5) Toluene.Muri laboratoire y'ibigo bipima ibiryo n'ibiyobyabwenge, toluene ikoreshwa nk'umusemburo ngenga mu gutahura ibisigisigi byica udukoko. Guhura igihe kirekire bishobora gutera syndrome ya neurasthenia, hepatomegaly, uruhu rwumye, chape, dermatite, n'ibindi. Ubunini bwa gaze bufite a Ingaruka zibiyobyabwenge kuri sisitemu yo hagati yo hagati, hamwe nigihe kirekire cyo guhumeka kwumwuka wacyo birashobora gutera amaraso make, bikaviramo indwara zamaraso.

（6) Acide formique: uburozi bukabije kandi bwangiza cyane ingirangingo zijimye, inzira zubuhumekero zo hejuru, amaso nuruhu. Guhumeka, kuribwa no kwinjiza uruhu birashobora kwangiza.

Byongeye kandi, reagent nka acide benzoic na fenylethanol nazo zifite uburakari bukomeye.Iyo umubiri wumuntu uhumeka, ukarya, kwinjiza uruhu bishobora kwangiza umubiri wumuntu ibice bigaragara.

Urebye ibi, reagent za laboratoire zifite ubumara ntabwo arizo zonyine zavuzwe haruguru, bityo kubika no gukoresha bigomba gukurikiza byimazeyo amabwiriza abigenga. By'umwihariko, abakozi ba laboratoire bose, harimo n’abakozi bakora isuku, bagomba kugira imyumvire yo kwikingira no kurinda abandi, kandi ushyire mubikorwa umurimo wibanze wo kwambara ibikoresho birinda nka gants na gogles.

Birumvikana ko bitagoye kumenya muri uru rubanza ko gusukura intoki ibikoresho by’ubushakashatsi, cyane cyane ibyo bikoresho by’ibirahure bifite ubumara bwa reagent, bitazabangamira umutekano w’umubiri w’abakozi bireba gusa, ahubwo binongera ibiciro bya laboratoire, bitera akamaro amakimbirane, ndetse yangiza izina n'ishusho bya laboratoire.Icy'ingenzi cyane, ni uko ibisubizo by’ibizamini bidashobora kwemezwa niba ibirahuri bitujuje ubuziranenge bw’isuku.Iyi nayo niyo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma Laboratwari yikora nizindi mashini zikoreshwa cyane kandi zikamenyekana muri laboratoire zose.

♦Igitabo cyegamiye VSLaboratoire y'ibirahure

Imiterere y'isuku y'intoki:

Igiciro cy'amazi, amashanyarazi n'umurimo cyiyongereye ；

Ibintu byinshi bibuza kandi bitagenzurwa;

Ifite ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima bwumubiri nubwenge bwumubiri wumuntu ；

Hangzhou X.PZ ibirahuri：

Isuku iremewe ；

Ubwenge busanzwe bwogukora isuku, byoroshye gukora ；

Ibisobanuro byuzuye byerekana amakuru ；

Kubika neza ibikoresho bya laboratoire ；

Isuku nintambwe yingenzi yo kuvura bitagira ingaruka mbi yuburozi bwa reagent. Laboratwari Dishwasher ntishobora kurinda umutekano nubuzima bwabakozi bashinzwe ubushakashatsi ku rugero runini, ariko kandi igera no ku ntego yo kuyisukura yizewe.Kubwinyungu ndende ya laboratoire, igomba kuba kare hashoboka kugirango ubone ibikoresho byogeza ibirahuri byuzuye!